甘肃省地热资源赋存特征及潜力评价     

谢娜  喻生波  丁宏伟  张明泉 《中国地质》2020,47(6):1804-1812

甘肃省地热资源丰富，其地热资源的开发利用具有较大的潜力。本文介绍了甘肃省地热资源分布概况，结合地区构造、地热水化学特征、地热资源量及开发利用现状探讨了甘肃隆起山地对流型与沉积盆地传导型地热资源的赋存特征，并对两种类型地热资源潜力进行了分析评价。结果表明，沉积盆地地热资源分布于河西、陇西及陇东盆地等，热储类型为裂隙型和孔隙型，热储层自元古宙至新生代均有发育，岩性以砂岩为主；隆起山地型地热资源主要分布于祁连山和西秦岭造山带，热储类型为断裂破碎带，岩性以花岗岩为主；通过潜力计算得知，全省热量开采系数≥0.4的仅占29.17%，表明目前甘肃地热资源开采程度较低，开采潜力较大。  相似文献   

中国稀土元素地球化学背景与远景区优选     

王学求  周建  迟清华  王玮  张必敏  聂兰仕  刘东盛  徐善法  吴慧  高燕芳 《地球学报》2020,41(6):747-758

稀土元素是现代科技、新能源、特种制造的关键性材料, 以其不可替代性和稀缺性, 而备受关注, 很多国家将其列为关键资源或战略资源。地球化学是研究稀土分布和发现稀土矿床的有效方法。本文利用“化学地球”大科学计划获得的全国15个稀土元素地球化学基准数据以及“一带一路”的中蒙边境、中缅老越边境地区地球化学填图数据为基础, 阐述中国稀土地球化学背景和圈定远景区。获得全国岩石和汇水域沉积物15个稀土元素、轻稀土(ΣLREE)、重稀土(ΣHREE)和总稀土(ΣREE)背景值。全国岩石背景值分别为: ΣLREE 121 μg/g, ΣHREE 35.0 μg/g, ΣREE 157 μg/g, 轻重稀土比值为3.5。全国汇水域沉积物背景值分别为: ΣLREE 134.0 μg/g, ΣHREE 38.5 μg/g, 和ΣREE 173 μg/g, 轻重稀土比值为3.5。总体上汇水域沉积物与岩石一致, 但含量略高于岩石。全国共圈定稀土地球化学异常区35处, 其中有26处异常与已知稀土矿或稀土成矿带相吻合, 新发现稀土超富集中心的稀土异常9处, 分别位于内蒙白云鄂博以西的乌拉特中旗—乌拉特后旗、华南异常富集中心、松潘—甘孜—攀西地区、云南红河州—中越边境、三江南段—中缅边境、雅鲁藏布江东段、西藏札达地区、中塔边境、黔东正安—荔波地区。这些异常显示, 是具有寻找白云鄂博型、碱性岩型、离子吸附型、花岗伟晶岩型、磷块岩型和泥岩型稀土矿的有利地区。  相似文献   

Mesozoic–Cenozoic stress field magnitude in Sichuan Basin,China and its adjacent areas and the implication on shale gas reservoir: Determination by acoustic emission in rocks     

《China Geology》2020,3(4):591-601

The Sichuan Basin is one of the vital basins in China, boasting abundant hydrocarbon reservoirs. To clarify the intensity of the tectonic stress field of different tectonic episodes since the Mesozoic and to identify the regional dynamic background of different tectonic movements in the Sichuan Basin and its adjacent areas, the characteristics of the acoustic emission in rocks in different strata of these areas were researched in this paper. Meanwhile, the tectonic stress magnitude in these areas since the Mesozoic was restored. The laws state that the tectonic stress varied with depth was revealed, followed by the discussion of the influence of structural stress intensity on structural patterns in different tectonic episodes. These were conducted based on the paleostress measurement by acoustic emission method and the inversion principle of the stress fields in ancient periods and the present, as well as previous research achievements. The results of this paper demonstrate that the third episode of Yanshanian Movement (Yanshanian III) had the maximum activity intensity and tremendously influenced the structural pattern in the study area. The maximum horizontal principal stress of Yanshanian III varied with depth as follows: 0.0168 x + 37.001 (MPa), R² = 0.8891. The regional structural fractures were mainly formed in Yanshanian III in Xujiahe Formation, west Sichuan Basin, of which the maximum paleoprincipal stress ranging from 85.1 MPa to 120.1 MPa. In addition, the law stating the present maximum horizontal principal stress varies with depth was determined to be 0.0159 x+10.221 (MPa), R²=0.7868 in Wuling Mountain area. Meanwhile, it was determined to be 0.0221 x+9.4733 (MPa), R²=0.9121 in the western part of Xuefeng Mountain area and 0.0174 x+10.247 (MPa), R²=0.8064 in the whole study area. These research results will not only provide data for the simulation of stress field, the evaluation of deformation degree, and the prediction of structural fractures, but also offer absolute geological scientific bases for the elevation of favorable shale gas preservation.  相似文献   

城镇增长下的收缩：以武汉为例     

高喆  尹宁玮  童馨仪  李东欣  顾江 《热带地理》2019,39(1):29-36

首先从人口、经济、用地3个维度综合考察武汉市增长与收缩的全貌，并采用县区及街道2个尺度的数据定量描述了武汉市增长与收缩的特征与空间格局，发现武汉市下辖青山区、硚口区、汉阳区和蔡甸区存在局部较严重的收缩现象，空间上形成集聚，形态上呈“穿孔式”。进一步以青山区为案例，着重从资本视角探讨发生局部收缩的内在机制，发现其存在老龄化、少子化趋势，但局部收缩的主因是资本从产业部门的“逃逸”。  相似文献   

珠江三角洲地区活动断裂探查方法浅析          下载免费PDF全文

黄孝波  孙社良  屈尚侠 《山东国土资源》2019,35(9)

活动断裂是指晚第四纪以来活动过的断裂,它威胁到人类生命财产安全。该文通过文献调研,结合珠江三角洲基底断裂探查研究项目的实际工作,介绍了地面地质调查、浅层地震、断层气测量、钻探及连孔剖面、断裂物质测年、历史地震分析等活动断裂探查方法,以及这些方法的优缺点,并指出了目前活动断裂探查存在的一些问题,提出了建议。  相似文献   

一种旋转塑性势面模型及非关联塑性流动法则     

徐日庆  蒋佳琪  冯苏阳  鞠露莹 《岩土力学》2020,41(5):1474-1482

为了较好地描述软土塑性应变发展规律，提出了一种改进的塑性流动模型。该模型采用了与屈服函数形式相同，但具有一定倾角 的塑性势函数。土体在变形过程中，塑性流动方向会依赖于塑性势面的旋转而变化，直至达到破坏状态。通过对常规三轴试验结果的分析可以发现：在剪切过程中，塑性势面旋转角的初值 与终值 较为稳定，不受围压变化影响。在此试验观察基础上，引入了归一化的旋转角参数 以及描述土体应力状态的参数 ，在采用蛋形势函数的情况下二者具有良好的分段线性关系。利用该关系，建立了改进的塑性流动法则，只需要2个额外的模型参数。对所提出的塑性流动模型进行了验证，计算结果表明该模型能较好地反映塑性应变的变化趋势。  相似文献   

Tropical Cyclone Genesis Potential Index for Bay of Bengal During Peak Post-Monsoon (October-November) Season Including Atmosphere-Ocean Parameters     

P. Suneeta 《Marine Geodesy》2018,41(1):86-97

Several studies on tropical cyclone genesis potential index (GPI) mainly using atmospheric parameters (relative/absolute vorticity, relative humidity, vertical wind shear, potential instability, vertical velocity etc.) have been reported earlier. Though the ocean plays a vital role in the genesis and intensification of cyclones, no ocean parameter has been included in most of the studies. In this study, we have made an attempt to develop a new GPI for Bay of Bengal during peak post-monsoon (October-November) season including upper ocean heat content (UOHC) using the data for the period 1995–2015. It is found that the new GPI is better correlated with the total number of depressions, cyclones and severe cyclones (TNDC) compared with the existing GPI which was developed for the north Indian Ocean and presently used by India Meteorological Department (IMD), New Delhi. The correlation has significantly enhanced (r=0.86:significant at >99% level) by using the first differences [year(0) –year(?1)] of the time series data. Since, the new GPI which considers atmosphere and ocean (UOHC) parameters, it appears to be more suitable for Bay of Bengal during the peak post-monsoon season.  相似文献   

Rare earth elements and yttrium in ferromanganese deposits from the South China Sea: distribution, composition and resource considerations     

ZHONG Yi  CHEN Zhong  GONZALEZ Francisco Javier  ZHENG Xufeng  LI Gang  LUO Yun  MO Aibin  XU Antao  WANG Shuhong 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(7):41-54

Ferromanganese nodules and crusts contain relatively high concentration of rare earth elements(REE) and yttrium(REY),with a growing interest in exploitation as an alternative to land-based REY resources.On the basis of comprehensive geochemical approach,the abundance and distribution of REY in the ferromanganese nodules from the South China Sea are analyzed.The results indicate that the REY contents in ferromanganese deposits show a clear geographic regularity.Total REY contents range from 69.1×10~(–6) to 2 919.4×10~(–6),with an average value of 1 459.5×10~(–6).Especially,the enrichment rate of Ce content is high,accounting for almost 60% of the total REY.This REE enrichment is controlled mainly by the sorption of ferromanganese oxides and clay minerals in the nodules and crusts.Moreover,the total REY are higher in ferromanganese deposits of hydrogenous origin than of diagenetic origin.Finally,Light REE(LREE) and heavy REE(HREE) oxides of the ferromanganese deposits in the study area can be classified into four grades: non-enriched type,weakly enriched type,enriched type,and extremely enriched type.According to the classification criteria of rare earth resources,the Xisha and Zhongsha platform-central deep basin areas show a great potential for these rare earth metals.  相似文献   

内蒙古鲁新井田水文地质条件研究          下载免费PDF全文

赵志强  安美艳  高奎锋  王兆亮  王福芝 《山东国土资源》2018,34(6)

矿产资源开发导致了地下水失衡,地下水失衡又给矿产开发造成了极大的安全隐患,近年来,矿产资源开发与地下水环境保护之间的矛盾愈发凸显。通过对内蒙古鲁新井田典型的水文地质条件进行分析研究,分析采矿导致地下水失衡机理,深入剖析矿井开采充水条件及矿山开发对地下水环境的影响,合理提出了促进矿产开发与地下水保护相互协调的对策建议,为实现"采矿保水"协调统一提供了基础地质依据。为类似地区矿产开发过程中遵循自然规律,趋利避害,保障生产安全,保护地下水环境安全,实现资源绿色开发有较好的指导借鉴作用。  相似文献   

Metal flux as an alternative parameter in evaluating the resource potential for co-rich ferromanganese crusts     

Hisaaki Sato 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2018,36(7):768-780

We propose a geochemical parameter, “metal flux” in evaluating hydrogenetic Co-rich ferromanganese crust deposits in the Pacific seamount area, that is based on physical, chemical, and geological characterization of the integrated growth piles of crusts. We calculated the metal flux for fifteen sites from different depths ranging between 900-6000m from different seamounts. The secular and areal variations of metal flux indicate a strong geological controls, and also can be a reliable tool for estimating an economic potential of the crusts. The Co flux decreases with increasing water depth, followed by almost constant flux of Ni and Mn. The Al and Fe fluxes vary with regions, indicating higher values in the western regions near the island arc probably related to a supply from the Asian continents. The results imply that Co, a redox sensitive metal element, is controlled by redox conditions of seawater, while Fe and Al are by terrigenous input. The metal flux reflects global and regional conditions and controls the compositional diversity of metals, thus consequently, the parameter can be a reliable powerful tool to estimate or single out more potential areas.  相似文献